What rewards do you get from staking?

Staking rewards are cryptocurrency payouts offered as compensation for locking up your tokens and participating in consensus mechanisms, most notably Proof-of-Stake (PoS) and its variations. This participation helps secure the network by validating transactions and creating new blocks, effectively acting as a decentralized validator network. The specific reward structure varies significantly based on the protocol; some offer a fixed annual percentage yield (APY), while others utilize inflation-based systems or even dynamic APYs adjusted based on network demand and staking participation levels. Noteworthy aspects to consider include:

Unbonding periods: These are the periods where your staked tokens are locked and inaccessible. This can range from a few days to several months, depending on the protocol. Understand these periods before committing your assets.

Minimum staking amounts: Many protocols have minimum amounts required to participate in staking. This threshold acts as a barrier to entry and contributes to the network’s security by preventing Sybil attacks.

Staking pools and delegators: Rather than directly staking, many users delegate their tokens to staking pools managed by experienced validators. This reduces the technical burden and allows participation with smaller holdings while sharing the rewards proportionally. However, it also introduces counterparty risk associated with the pool operator.

Slashing conditions: Some protocols impose penalties (slashing) for validators who act maliciously or exhibit poor network behavior, such as downtime or double-signing. These penalties can lead to partial or total loss of staked assets. Understanding the specific conditions is critical.

Transaction fees: Beyond staking rewards, validators may earn transaction fees for processing transactions on the network. This income stream adds to the overall profitability of staking but is often less predictable than the base staking rewards.

Compounding: Many staking services allow for automatic reinvestment of rewards, leading to compound growth over time. This feature significantly boosts long-term returns. Be aware of any associated fees though, that might impact compounding.

How does staking actually work?

Staking is basically like earning interest on your crypto, but instead of lending it out to a bank, you’re helping secure a blockchain network. Think of it as a decentralized savings account with potentially higher returns. You lock up your coins, and in return, you get rewarded with more of the same coin. This reward mechanism incentivizes users to participate in network security and validation – it’s a crucial part of many Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchains.

The rewards vary considerably depending on the network, the amount you stake, and even the current network activity. Some networks offer annual percentage yields (APYs) in the single digits, while others boast much higher returns. However, higher APYs often come with higher risks, and it’s crucial to research each network thoroughly before committing your funds. The process itself can also vary significantly. Some require you to lock up your coins for a fixed period (locking period), while others allow you to unstake (withdraw your coins) relatively quickly.

Importantly, your crypto isn’t being actively traded or used for anything other than securing the network. It’s not being lent out for others to profit from, which minimizes counterparty risk. The rewards are directly paid out from the network’s transaction fees or newly minted coins, depending on the specific blockchain’s design. Always remember to carefully vet the project and thoroughly understand the risks involved before staking your cryptocurrency.

Can you make $1000 a month with crypto?

Making $1000 a month in crypto is achievable, but not guaranteed. Your success hinges on several factors: capital, risk tolerance, trading strategy, market knowledge, and time commitment. A small investment might generate modest returns, while larger capital allows for potentially higher profits, but also carries significantly greater risk.

Strategies like day trading require constant market monitoring and a deep understanding of technical analysis. Swing trading involves holding positions for a few days or weeks, requiring a different skillset focused on identifying longer-term trends. Investing in promising projects, focusing on fundamental analysis, presents a longer-term, less volatile approach.

Diversification is crucial. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Spread your investments across various cryptocurrencies and asset classes to mitigate risk. Thorough research is essential; understand the technology, team, and market potential before investing in any project.

Consider transaction fees, which can eat into profits, particularly with frequent trading. Tax implications are significant; consult a tax professional to understand your obligations.

The crypto market is inherently volatile. Months with substantial gains can be followed by periods of significant losses. Realistic expectations are key; consistent profitability requires expertise, discipline, and risk management.

Can I lose my crypto if I stake it?

Staking doesn’t inherently lead to losing your cryptocurrency. It’s a process where you lock up your assets to support a blockchain’s operations and, in return, earn rewards. Think of it as earning interest on your crypto holdings. However, while the principle is simple, several factors can influence your potential gains or, less likely, losses.

Risks to Consider: While you don’t directly *lose* your staked crypto (unless the platform is compromised), several factors can affect your returns:

Smart Contract Risks: Bugs or vulnerabilities in the smart contract governing the staking process could theoretically lead to loss of funds. Thoroughly research the platform and its security audits before staking.

Validator/Exchange Risk: If you delegate your staking to a validator or exchange, you’re entrusting them with your assets. Choose reputable validators with a proven track record and robust security measures. Exchange failures are also a risk, though less common with established, regulated exchanges.

Impermanent Loss (in some cases): While not directly related to staking itself, if you stake LP tokens (Liquidity Provider tokens) on decentralized exchanges, you might experience impermanent loss if the ratio of the assets in the pool changes significantly.

Inflationary Rewards: Some blockchains have inflationary reward systems. While you earn staking rewards, the overall value of your staked crypto might decrease due to inflation. This needs to be considered when evaluating overall returns.

Regulatory Uncertainty: The regulatory landscape for cryptocurrencies is constantly evolving. Changes in regulations could impact the legality and tax implications of your staking rewards.

Slashing (in some Proof-of-Stake networks): Some PoS blockchains implement slashing mechanisms to penalize validators for misbehavior (e.g., downtime or malicious activity). If you’re running your own validator node, you risk slashing penalties; if delegating, validator behavior is a factor affecting your returns. Always understand the slashing conditions for the specific network.

Do I pay taxes on staking rewards?

Staking rewards are taxable income in the year you receive them, regardless of whether you sell your staked assets. This applies even to seemingly passive income like Ethereum staking rewards. The IRS considers this income, and you’ll owe taxes on it.

Understanding the Tax Implications:

  • Income Tax on Receipt: The value of your staking rewards at the time you receive them is considered taxable income. You’ll need to report this on your tax return, usually as miscellaneous income.
  • Capital Gains Tax on Disposal: When you eventually sell your staked cryptocurrency, you’ll also owe capital gains tax on any profit. This is calculated based on the difference between your purchase price and the selling price. The holding period (short-term vs. long-term) impacts the tax rate.

Tracking Your Staking Rewards: Accurate record-keeping is crucial. You need to track:

  • The date you received each staking reward.
  • The fair market value of the reward in USD at the time of receipt (this will fluctuate).
  • Your basis (original cost) in your staked cryptocurrency.
  • The date and price at which you sell your staked assets.

Different Tax Jurisdictions: Tax laws vary significantly by country. What applies in the US may not apply in other jurisdictions. Always consult a qualified tax professional who understands cryptocurrency taxation in your specific region.

Tax Software and Reporting: Several tax software programs are specifically designed to help with cryptocurrency tax reporting. These tools can simplify the process of calculating and reporting your staking rewards and capital gains. They often provide features for importing transaction history from exchanges and wallets.

Which staking is the most profitable?

There’s no single “most profitable” staking option; profitability depends heavily on several dynamic factors including the current market conditions, the specific staking platform, and the inherent risks of each cryptocurrency. High APYs (Annual Percentage Yields) like those advertised for eTukTuk (over 30,000%) and Bitcoin Minetrix (above 500%) are often unsustainable and extremely risky. They frequently indicate projects with questionable longevity or even outright scams, promising unrealistic returns to attract investors.

More established cryptocurrencies like Cardano (ADA) and Ethereum (ETH) offer significantly lower but far more stable staking rewards. ADA’s flexible staking rewards provide more control, but the APY is typically far lower. ETH staking, while currently yielding around 4.3%, is secured by the Ethereum network’s vast infrastructure and is significantly less volatile. However, staking ETH involves locking up your funds for a period of time until the Shanghai upgrade is fully implemented and withdrawals are enabled.

Projects like Doge Uprising (DUP), which combine staking with airdrops and NFTs, introduce additional complexity. While potentially lucrative, these often involve greater risks and depend on the success of the project’s ecosystem. The value of airdrops and NFTs is highly unpredictable.

Tether (USDT) staking offers a different perspective. Since USDT is a stablecoin pegged to the US dollar, its staking rewards are generally low but offer lower volatility compared to other cryptocurrencies. However, always carefully vet the platform offering USDT staking due to potential risks associated with centralized stablecoins.

Meme Kombat (MK)’s 112% APY also falls into the high-risk category. While potentially profitable in the short term, the long-term viability of such high-yield projects is often questionable. It is crucial to conduct thorough due diligence on any project before engaging in staking.

Before choosing a staking option, prioritize understanding the project’s tokenomics, security audits, team transparency, and the potential risks involved. Consider diversifying your staking across multiple projects to mitigate risk. Never invest more than you can afford to lose.

Why is Stake banned in the US?

Stake.us, a prominent player in the sweepstakes casino space, faces legal hurdles in several US states. This isn’t a blanket ban on the platform itself, but rather a consequence of differing state regulations regarding online gambling and sweepstakes models.

Why the Restrictions? The core issue stems from the legal interpretation of sweepstakes casinos. These platforms typically operate by offering virtual currency through various means (often promotions, social media engagement) that players can then use to gamble. The legality hinges on whether this model is considered a game of skill or chance. States like New York, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, and Kentucky have explicitly classified Stake.us (and similar platforms) as operating outside legal parameters, most often citing concerns over the potential for gambling addiction and the lack of robust regulatory oversight.

States where Stake.us is currently unavailable:

  • New York
  • Washington
  • Idaho
  • Nevada
  • Kentucky

Implications for Crypto and the Future of Online Gambling: The situation highlights the complex legal landscape surrounding online gambling in the US. While many cryptocurrency-focused platforms operate in a grey area, the legal challenges faced by Stake.us underscore the importance of staying informed about state-specific regulations. The inconsistencies across states represent a significant challenge for the industry, hindering both innovation and the potential for mainstream adoption of crypto-based gaming solutions. The evolving legal framework around online gambling and the integration of cryptocurrency into this sector are both significant factors shaping the future of the industry.

Understanding the nuances: It’s crucial to remember that the legal interpretation of sweepstakes models varies widely. Even within the states where Stake.us is restricted, the precise legal reasoning can differ. This patchwork of regulations creates challenges for both users and operators, necessitating thorough due diligence and an understanding of the specific laws governing online gambling in each individual state.

Key takeaways:

  • State-level regulations are the primary driver of Stake.us’s restricted access in certain US states.
  • The legal distinction between games of skill and chance is central to the ongoing debate around sweepstakes casinos.
  • The inconsistent regulatory environment in the US creates difficulties for the growth and widespread adoption of crypto-based gaming platforms.

How much crypto can I get for $100?

For $100, you’ll get approximately 0.00117640 BTC at the current exchange rate. This is based on a BTC/USD price of roughly $85,000 (adjust this figure according to the live market price). Note that this is a simplified calculation and doesn’t factor in trading fees. Expect to pay a small percentage (usually 0.1% – 1%) in fees depending on the exchange.

Consider the following to maximize your return:

Spread your investments across multiple exchanges to avoid reliance on a single platform.

Utilize limit orders instead of market orders to secure a better price. Market orders execute immediately at the prevailing price, potentially costing you more.

Diversify your portfolio beyond Bitcoin. Consider allocating a portion of your $100 to other cryptocurrencies with potential for growth. Always conduct thorough research before investing in any cryptocurrency.

Example: $50 BTC + $50 ETH (or another altcoin) could offer better risk-adjusted returns in the long run.

Remember that cryptocurrency markets are inherently volatile, so any investment carries a degree of risk.

Approximate conversions based on an $85,000 BTC price:

USD 500 ≈ 0.00588201 BTC

USD 1,000 ≈ 0.01176402 BTC

USD 5,000 ≈ 0.05882014 BTC

(These are estimations and will fluctuate.)

Do you actually make money on stake?

Stake.com is a prominent crypto gambling platform, but it’s crucial to understand its operational model. While the site offers a visually appealing and engaging experience mimicking traditional online casinos, it doesn’t directly offer real-money payouts in the conventional sense.

The currency used on Stake is not directly convertible to fiat. Instead, gameplay utilizes two virtual currencies: Gold Coins and Stake Cash. Winning results in accumulating these virtual currencies, but they cannot be withdrawn as cash or exchanged for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin or Ethereum.

This system is fundamentally different from traditional online casinos or regulated crypto gambling sites. Those platforms typically allow users to deposit and withdraw fiat or cryptocurrency directly, with winnings reflecting real financial value.

Think of Stake as a sophisticated, crypto-themed social gaming platform. The goal is primarily entertainment and engagement, not financial profit in the traditional sense. The competitive leaderboards and social interaction aspects underscore this focus.

  • Gold Coins and Stake Cash: These are purely in-platform currencies with no inherent monetary value outside the Stake ecosystem.
  • No Fiat/Crypto Withdrawals: Winnings cannot be exchanged for Bitcoin, Ethereum, or any other cryptocurrency, nor can they be converted to fiat currency.
  • Focus on Entertainment: The platform emphasizes social interaction and the competitive aspects of the games, rather than offering opportunities for financial gain.

Therefore, while you can “win” on Stake, the winnings are not real money. This distinction is crucial to avoid any misunderstanding regarding potential financial returns.

How often should you claim staking rewards?

The frequency of claiming staking rewards is a balancing act between maximizing returns and minimizing transaction fees. While you could technically claim rewards daily, or even more frequently, the gas fees associated with each transaction on most blockchains will quickly eat into your profits. This is especially true for smaller stake amounts where the reward itself might be dwarfed by the cost of claiming it.

A common recommendation, and one we generally agree with, is to claim your staking rewards every two weeks. This approach offers a good compromise. You accumulate a significant enough reward to offset the gas fee, making the transaction worthwhile. Claiming less frequently means you’ll accumulate even larger rewards but increases your exposure to impermanent loss (if applicable) and potentially delays your access to funds.

The optimal claiming frequency, however, is highly dependent on several factors: the specific blockchain network you’re using (gas fees vary wildly), the size of your stake, the APR (Annual Percentage Rate) offered by the staking pool, and the current gas prices. Higher gas fees necessitate less frequent claiming, while a higher APR might justify more frequent claiming even with higher gas fees.

Before settling on a claiming schedule, carefully analyze the gas fees associated with claiming rewards on your chosen network. Many blockchain explorers provide gas fee estimators, which can help you predict the cost of a transaction and optimize your claiming strategy for maximum profitability. Remember to always factor in the potential impact of impermanent loss, if applicable to your staking strategy, when determining how often you should claim your rewards.

Can you lose ETH by staking?

Staking ETH means locking up your ETH to help secure the Ethereum network. Think of it like lending your ETH to help the network run smoothly. In return, you earn rewards in ETH.

However, there are risks. If you don’t follow the rules of the network (e.g., your computer goes offline too often, or you provide incorrect information), you can lose some of your staked ETH as a penalty. This is because the network needs reliable participants.

The amount of ETH you can earn as a reward depends on various factors including the amount of ETH you stake, the network’s overall activity, and the number of other stakers. It’s not a guaranteed income stream.

Before staking, it’s crucial to understand the technical requirements and potential penalties. Consider using a reputable staking service to reduce the risk of technical errors, although this usually comes with fees.

Also remember that the value of ETH itself can fluctuate. Even if you don’t lose ETH due to penalties, its market value could drop, reducing the overall value of your investment.

Can I make $100 a day from crypto?

Achieving $100 daily from crypto day trading is possible but highly improbable and risky for most. It demands exceptional skill, significant capital, and a deep understanding of market mechanics far beyond casual knowledge.

Factors influencing profitability:

  • Market Volatility: High volatility increases profit potential but also amplifies losses. Low volume coins, while potentially more volatile, may lack liquidity, hindering timely exits.
  • Transaction Fees: Frequent trading incurs substantial fees (gas fees on Ethereum, for example), significantly eroding profits. Consider the cumulative effect of fees on your daily target.
  • Tax Implications: Capital gains taxes on short-term trading can drastically reduce net profits. This needs careful accounting and planning.
  • Emotional Discipline: Fear and greed significantly impact decision-making. Successful day traders maintain emotional detachment and stick to their trading plan.
  • Technical Analysis Mastery: Proficiency in charting, indicator analysis, and order book interpretation is crucial. A deep understanding of order flow is particularly important.

Strategies (requiring advanced knowledge and experience):

  • Scalping: Profiting from minuscule price changes. Requires lightning-fast execution and high trading volume. Extremely risky.
  • Swing Trading (less aggressive than day trading): Holding positions for a few hours to a couple of days, capitalizing on short-term trends. Reduces the frequency of trades and associated fees.
  • Arbitrage: Exploiting price discrepancies between different exchanges. Requires sophisticated software and fast execution speed. Opportunities are often short-lived.

Realistic Expectations: Consistency is key. Aiming for a daily $100 profit is unrealistic for beginners and even challenging for experienced traders. Focus on consistent, smaller gains built on a solid understanding of risk management.

Disclaimer: Crypto trading involves substantial risk of loss. Never invest more than you can afford to lose.

Can you make a living off day trading crypto?

Day trading cryptocurrencies can generate substantial income, but it’s far from guaranteed. Success hinges on a multifaceted approach demanding significant expertise and discipline.

Crucial Factors for Success:

  • Deep Market Understanding: Proficiency extends beyond basic price charts. This includes technical analysis (chart patterns, indicators), fundamental analysis (project viability, team, market cap), and on-chain metrics (transaction volume, active addresses).
  • Robust Risk Management: This isn’t merely setting stop-losses. It encompasses position sizing relative to your capital (never risk more than a small percentage on any single trade), diversification across multiple assets, and understanding leverage’s amplified risks and rewards. Backtesting strategies rigorously is vital.
  • Advanced Trading Strategies: Beyond simple buy-low-sell-high, consider arbitrage opportunities, market-neutral strategies, and algorithmic trading (requiring programming skills). Understanding order book dynamics is essential for efficient execution.
  • Technological Proficiency: Familiarity with various trading platforms, API integrations, and potentially even developing custom trading bots is advantageous. Reliable, high-speed internet is paramount.
  • Emotional Discipline: Fear and greed are significant hurdles. Sticking to your pre-defined trading plan, regardless of market fluctuations, is crucial. Regularly reviewing performance and adjusting strategies based on data, not emotion, is vital.

Realistic Expectations:

  • Consistent profitability is hard-won: Many day traders fail. The market’s volatility and complexity necessitate continuous learning and adaptation.
  • Significant capital is often required: Sufficient funds are needed to withstand inevitable losses and to maintain adequate position sizes for meaningful profits.
  • Time commitment is substantial: Actively monitoring the market requires significant dedication, often exceeding a traditional 9-to-5 job.

Disclaimer: Cryptocurrencies are highly volatile investments. Any trading activity involves substantial risk of loss.

How much do I need to invest in crypto to become a millionaire?

Becoming a millionaire through Bitcoin investment depends entirely on Bitcoin’s future price. Michael Saylor, a prominent Bitcoin advocate, suggested a potential price of $350,000.

Based on that prediction: You’d need approximately 2.86 Bitcoin (BTC) to reach $1,000,000 ($350,000/BTC * 2.86 BTC ≈ $1,000,000).

Important Note: This is purely speculative. Bitcoin’s price is extremely volatile and could go much higher or much lower. There’s no guarantee of reaching $350,000, or any specific price for that matter. Investing in cryptocurrency involves significant risk, and you could lose your entire investment.

Consider this: The calculation ignores transaction fees (buying and selling BTC) and taxes, which would reduce your final profit. Also, remember that diversifying your investments is crucial for risk management; putting all your money into a single cryptocurrency is exceptionally risky.

Before investing: Do thorough research, understand the technology behind Bitcoin, and only invest what you can afford to lose. Consider consulting a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions.

Do you get taxed twice on crypto?

The short answer is: it depends. In the US, cryptocurrency is taxed similarly to traditional assets like stocks and bonds. This means you aren’t “double taxed” in the sense of paying tax twice on the same money, but you will pay taxes on your gains, and the tax rate depends on several crucial factors.

Capital Gains vs. Income Tax: The IRS categorizes crypto profits differently depending on how you acquired the cryptocurrency and how long you held it. If you mined crypto, staked it, or received it as payment for goods or services, the IRS may treat those profits as ordinary income, taxed at your usual income tax rate. This can be significantly higher than capital gains tax rates.

Holding Period Matters: If you bought crypto and later sold it for a profit, the tax rate depends on your holding period. Profits from crypto held for one year or less are taxed as short-term capital gains, again at your ordinary income tax rate. Profits from crypto held for more than one year are taxed as long-term capital gains, with rates generally lower than income tax rates. These rates vary depending on your income bracket.

Wash Sales Rule Applies: Just like with stocks, the wash sale rule applies to crypto. This means you cannot sell a cryptocurrency at a loss and immediately repurchase it (or a substantially similar asset) to claim that loss on your taxes. The IRS will disallow the loss.

Tracking Transactions is Crucial: Accurately tracking all your cryptocurrency transactions, including the date of acquisition, the cost basis, and the date and price of any sale, is absolutely essential. This information is necessary to correctly calculate your capital gains or losses and file your taxes accurately. Many cryptocurrency exchanges offer tools to help you download this transaction history.

Consult a Tax Professional: The tax implications of cryptocurrency are complex. Due to the constantly evolving regulatory landscape and the intricacies of cryptocurrency taxation, it’s strongly recommended to consult a tax professional specializing in cryptocurrency taxation for personalized advice.

What is the downside of staking?

Staking rewards aren’t a guaranteed income stream; treat them as variable, not fixed, returns. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Network dynamics, inflation rates, and even validator competition (leading to slashing penalties in some protocols) heavily influence your actual yield.

Key risks to consider:

  • Impermanent Loss (for Liquidity Pool Staking): If you’re staking in a liquidity pool, price fluctuations of the assets can lead to impermanent loss, exceeding any staking rewards earned. This is especially relevant for volatile assets.
  • Slashing Penalties: Some Proof-of-Stake networks penalize validators for downtime, misbehavior, or malicious activity. This can result in a significant loss of your staked assets.
  • Smart Contract Risks: Bugs or exploits in the smart contract governing the staking process can lead to loss of funds. Thoroughly research the protocol’s security audit and reputation before committing your assets.
  • Inflationary Pressure: High inflation within the staked network can dilute the value of your rewards, offsetting any gains.
  • Illiquidity: Your staked assets are locked for a period, reducing your liquidity and making it impossible to quickly sell them in case of market downturns. Consider the unlocking period carefully.

Beyond Zero Returns: The possibility of earning zero rewards isn’t just a theoretical risk; network congestion, validator saturation, or protocol changes can all dramatically reduce or eliminate your returns. Always diversify your staking across multiple networks and validators to mitigate this risk.

Are staking rewards tax free?

Staking rewards aren’t tax-free. Think of them like interest from a savings account, but for cryptocurrency. When you receive them, you haven’t paid tax yet, but you have a taxable event. The value of the rewards at the moment you receive them is considered your cost basis.

Important: You only pay capital gains tax when you sell your staking rewards (or exchange them for something else). If you keep them, you’re not taxed yet. But when you sell, the difference between what you received and your cost basis (the value when you earned them) is your taxable gain.

Example: You stake 1 ETH and earn 0.1 ETH in rewards. When you receive the 0.1 ETH, let’s say its value is $200. This $200 is your cost basis. If later you sell that 0.1 ETH for $300, you’ll owe capital gains tax on the $100 profit ($300 – $200).

Key takeaway: Track the value of your staking rewards at the time you receive them. This is crucial for calculating your taxable gains when you eventually sell.

Note: Tax laws vary by country. This is general information, and you should consult a tax professional for personalized advice.

What if I invested $1000 in Bitcoin 10 years ago?

Investing $1,000 in Bitcoin ten years ago (in 2015) would have yielded a substantial return. Your investment would be worth approximately $368,194 today. This demonstrates Bitcoin’s significant price appreciation over the past decade.

However, an even more dramatic return would have been seen if you invested fifteen years ago (in 2010). A $1,000 investment would be worth an astounding approximately $88 billion! This highlights the immense growth potential, but also the considerable risk involved, of early Bitcoin investment.

To put this into perspective:

  • Early Bitcoin Price: In late 2009, Bitcoin traded at an incredibly low price of $0.00099 per coin. This means $1 could buy you roughly 1,010 Bitcoins!

Important Considerations:

  • Past performance is not indicative of future results. While Bitcoin has shown incredible growth, its price is highly volatile and subject to significant fluctuations. Future returns cannot be guaranteed.
  • Risk Tolerance: Investing in Bitcoin involves a high degree of risk. You could lose your entire investment. Only invest what you can afford to lose.
  • Regulation and Security: The regulatory landscape for cryptocurrencies is still evolving. Security is paramount; ensure you use reputable exchanges and wallets.
  • Volatility: Bitcoin’s price can swing wildly in short periods, leading to both significant gains and losses. Be prepared for potential dramatic price movements.

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